Raspberry Pi Pico, and other rp2040 boards: WiFiNINA with ESP32 WiFi Co-Processor

esptool.py --port /dev/ttyACM0 --before no_reset --baud 115200 write_flash 0 NINA_W102-1.7.4.bin

esptool.py --port COM7 --before no_reset --baud 115200 write_flash 0 NINA_W102-1.7.4.bin

/*
 * This example check if the firmware loaded on the NINA module
 * is updated.
 *
 * modified by Renzo Mischianti <www.mischianti.org>
 *
 * www.mischianti.org
 *
 */
#include <SPI.h>
#include <WiFiNINA.h>

// Configure the pins used for the ESP32 connection
#if defined(ADAFRUIT_FEATHER_M4_EXPRESS) || \
  defined(ADAFRUIT_FEATHER_M0) || \
  defined(ADAFRUIT_FEATHER_M0_EXPRESS) || \
  defined(ARDUINO_AVR_FEATHER32U4) || \
  defined(ARDUINO_NRF52840_FEATHER) || \
  defined(ADAFRUIT_ITSYBITSY_M0) || \
  defined(ADAFRUIT_ITSYBITSY_M4_EXPRESS) || \
  defined(ARDUINO_AVR_ITSYBITSY32U4_3V) || \
  defined(ARDUINO_NRF52_ITSYBITSY)
  // Configure the pins used for the ESP32 connection
  #define SPIWIFI       SPI  // The SPI port
  #define SPIWIFI_SS    13   // Chip select pin
  #define ESP32_RESETN  12   // Reset pin
  #define SPIWIFI_ACK   11   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
  #define ESP32_GPIO0   -1
#elif defined(ARDUINO_AVR_FEATHER328P)
  #define SPIWIFI       SPI  // The SPI port
  #define SPIWIFI_SS     4   // Chip select pin
  #define ESP32_RESETN   3   // Reset pin
  #define SPIWIFI_ACK    2   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
  #define ESP32_GPIO0   -1
#elif defined(TEENSYDUINO)
  #define SPIWIFI       SPI  // The SPI port
  #define SPIWIFI_SS     5   // Chip select pin
  #define ESP32_RESETN   6   // Reset pin
  #define SPIWIFI_ACK    9   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
  #define ESP32_GPIO0   -1
#elif defined(ARDUINO_NRF52832_FEATHER )
  #define SPIWIFI       SPI  // The SPI port
  #define SPIWIFI_SS    16   // Chip select pin
  #define ESP32_RESETN  15   // Reset pin
  #define SPIWIFI_ACK    7   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
  #define ESP32_GPIO0   -1
#elif defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_STM32) // Here my STM32 configuration
  #define SPIWIFI       SPI  // The SPI port
  #define SPIWIFI_SS    PB0   // Chip select pin
  #define ESP32_RESETN  PA2   // Reset pin
  #define SPIWIFI_ACK   PA3   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
  #define ESP32_GPIO0   -1
#elif defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_RP2040) // Here my STM32 configuration
  #define SPIWIFI       SPI1  // The SPI port
  #define SPIWIFI_SS    13   // Chip select pin
  #define ESP32_RESETN  11   // Reset pin
  #define SPIWIFI_ACK   10   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
  #define ESP32_GPIO0   -1
#elif !defined(SPIWIFI_SS)   // if the wifi definition isnt in the board variant
  // Don't change the names of these #define's! they match the variant ones
  #define SPIWIFI       SPI
  #define SPIWIFI_SS    10   // Chip select pin
  #define SPIWIFI_ACK    7   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
  #define ESP32_RESETN   5   // Reset pin
  #define ESP32_GPIO0   -1   // Not connected
#endif

void setup() {
  // Initialize serial
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while (!Serial) {
    ; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only
  }

  // Print a welcome message
  Serial.println("WiFiNINA firmware check.");
  Serial.println();

  // Set up the pins!
  WiFi.setPins(SPIWIFI_SS, SPIWIFI_ACK, ESP32_RESETN, ESP32_GPIO0, &SPIWIFI);

  // check for the WiFi module:
  if (WiFi.status() == WL_NO_MODULE) {
    Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    // don't continue
    while (true);
  }

  // Print firmware version on the module
  String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion();
  String latestFv;
  Serial.print("Firmware version installed: ");
  Serial.println(fv);

  latestFv = WIFI_FIRMWARE_LATEST_VERSION;

  // Print required firmware version
  Serial.print("Latest firmware version available : ");
  Serial.println(latestFv);

  // Check if the latest version is installed
  Serial.println();
  if (fv >= latestFv) {
    Serial.println("Check result: PASSED");
  } else {
    Serial.println("Check result: NOT PASSED");
    Serial.println(" - The firmware version on the module do not match the");
    Serial.println("   version required by the library, you may experience");
    Serial.println("   issues or failures.");
  }
}

void loop() {
  // do nothing
}

  // Set up the pins!
  WiFi.setPins(SPIWIFI_SS, SPIWIFI_ACK, ESP32_RESETN, ESP32_GPIO0, &SPIWIFI);

Firmware version installed: 1.7.4
Latest firmware version available : 1.2.1

Check result: PASSED

/*

 This example  prints the board's MAC address, and
 scans for available Wifi networks using the NINA module.
 Every ten seconds, it scans again. It doesn't actually
 connect to any network, so no encryption scheme is specified.

 Circuit:
 * Board with NINA firmware on it (In this case its an Adafruit AirLift)

 created 13 July 2010
 by dlf (Metodo2 srl)
 modified 21 Junn 2012
 by Tom Igoe and Jaymes Dec
 modified 17 May 2022
 by Renzo Mischianti

 */


#include <SPI.h>
#include <WiFiNINA.h>

 // Configure the pins used for the ESP32 connection
 #if defined(ADAFRUIT_FEATHER_M4_EXPRESS) || \
   defined(ADAFRUIT_FEATHER_M0) || \
   defined(ADAFRUIT_FEATHER_M0_EXPRESS) || \
   defined(ARDUINO_AVR_FEATHER32U4) || \
   defined(ARDUINO_NRF52840_FEATHER) || \
   defined(ADAFRUIT_ITSYBITSY_M0) || \
   defined(ADAFRUIT_ITSYBITSY_M4_EXPRESS) || \
   defined(ARDUINO_AVR_ITSYBITSY32U4_3V) || \
   defined(ARDUINO_NRF52_ITSYBITSY)
   // Configure the pins used for the ESP32 connection
   #define SPIWIFI       SPI  // The SPI port
   #define SPIWIFI_SS    13   // Chip select pin
   #define ESP32_RESETN  12   // Reset pin
   #define SPIWIFI_ACK   11   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
   #define ESP32_GPIO0   -1
 #elif defined(ARDUINO_AVR_FEATHER328P)
   #define SPIWIFI       SPI  // The SPI port
   #define SPIWIFI_SS     4   // Chip select pin
   #define ESP32_RESETN   3   // Reset pin
   #define SPIWIFI_ACK    2   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
   #define ESP32_GPIO0   -1
 #elif defined(TEENSYDUINO)
   #define SPIWIFI       SPI  // The SPI port
   #define SPIWIFI_SS     5   // Chip select pin
   #define ESP32_RESETN   6   // Reset pin
   #define SPIWIFI_ACK    9   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
   #define ESP32_GPIO0   -1
 #elif defined(ARDUINO_NRF52832_FEATHER )
   #define SPIWIFI       SPI  // The SPI port
   #define SPIWIFI_SS    16   // Chip select pin
   #define ESP32_RESETN  15   // Reset pin
   #define SPIWIFI_ACK    7   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
   #define ESP32_GPIO0   -1
 #elif defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_STM32) // Here my STM32 configuration
   #define SPIWIFI       SPI  // The SPI port
   #define SPIWIFI_SS    PB0   // Chip select pin
   #define ESP32_RESETN  PA2   // Reset pin
   #define SPIWIFI_ACK   PA3   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
   #define ESP32_GPIO0   -1
 #elif defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_RP2040) // Here my STM32 configuration
   #define SPIWIFI       SPI1  // The SPI port
   #define SPIWIFI_SS    13   // Chip select pin
   #define ESP32_RESETN  11   // Reset pin
   #define SPIWIFI_ACK   10   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
   #define ESP32_GPIO0   -1
 #elif !defined(SPIWIFI_SS)   // if the wifi definition isnt in the board variant
   // Don't change the names of these #define's! they match the variant ones
   #define SPIWIFI       SPI
   #define SPIWIFI_SS    10   // Chip select pin
   #define SPIWIFI_ACK    7   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
   #define ESP32_RESETN   5   // Reset pin
   #define ESP32_GPIO0   -1   // Not connected
 #endif

void printMacAddress(byte mac[]);
void printEncryptionType(int thisType);
void listNetworks();

void setup() {
  //Initialize serial and wait for port to open:
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while (!Serial) {
    ; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only
  }

  Serial.println("WiFi Scanning test");

  // Set up the pins!
  WiFi.setPins(SPIWIFI_SS, SPIWIFI_ACK, ESP32_RESETN, ESP32_GPIO0, &SPIWIFI);

  // check for the WiFi module:
  while (WiFi.status() == WL_NO_MODULE) {
    Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    // don't continue
    delay(10000);
  }
  String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion();
  Serial.println(fv);
  if (fv < "1.0.0") {
    Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware");
    while (1) delay(10);
  }
  Serial.println("Firmware OK");

  // print your MAC address:
  byte mac[6];
  WiFi.macAddress(mac);
  Serial.print("MAC: ");
  printMacAddress(mac);
}

void loop() {
  // scan for existing networks:
  Serial.println("Scanning available networks...");
  listNetworks();
  delay(10000);
}

void listNetworks() {
  // scan for nearby networks:
  Serial.println("** Scan Networks **");
  int numSsid = WiFi.scanNetworks();
  if (numSsid == -1) {
    Serial.println("Couldn't get a wifi connection");
    while (true);
  }

  // print the list of networks seen:
  Serial.print("number of available networks:");
  Serial.println(numSsid);

  // print the network number and name for each network found:
  for (int thisNet = 0; thisNet < numSsid; thisNet++) {
    Serial.print(thisNet);
    Serial.print(") ");
    Serial.print(WiFi.SSID(thisNet));
    Serial.print("\tSignal: ");
    Serial.print(WiFi.RSSI(thisNet));
    Serial.print(" dBm");
    Serial.print("\tEncryption: ");
    printEncryptionType(WiFi.encryptionType(thisNet));
  }
}

void printEncryptionType(int thisType) {
  // read the encryption type and print out the name:
  switch (thisType) {
    case ENC_TYPE_WEP:
      Serial.println("WEP");
      break;
    case ENC_TYPE_TKIP:
      Serial.println("WPA");
      break;
    case ENC_TYPE_CCMP:
      Serial.println("WPA2");
      break;
    case ENC_TYPE_NONE:
      Serial.println("None");
      break;
    case ENC_TYPE_AUTO:
      Serial.println("Auto");
      break;
    case ENC_TYPE_UNKNOWN:
    default:
      Serial.println("Unknown");
      break;
  }
}


void printMacAddress(byte mac[]) {
  for (int i = 5; i >= 0; i--) {
    if (mac[i] < 16) {
      Serial.print("0");
    }
    Serial.print(mac[i], HEX);
    if (i > 0) {
      Serial.print(":");
    }
  }
  Serial.println();
}

Scanning available networks...
** Scan Networks **
number of available networks:6
0) reef-casa-sopra	Signal: -49 dBm	Encryption: WPA2
1) reef-casa-orto	Signal: -69 dBm	Encryption: WPA2
2) reef-casa-centro	Signal: -78 dBm	Encryption: WPA2
3) reef-casa-centro	Signal: -83 dBm	Encryption: WPA2
4) reef-casa-sotto	Signal: -87 dBm	Encryption: WPA2
5) TIM-18355607	Signal: -91 dBm	Encryption: WPA2

/*
  Simple WiFi Web Server
  You must add your SSID and PASSWD.
  You can open in the browser the IP given in the standard output
  and the device response with a row web page that give you the IP
  and the time in milliseconds.
  The page refresh every 5 seconds.

  by Renzo Mischianti <www.mischianti.org>

  https://www.mischianti.org

 */


#include <SPI.h>
#include <WiFiNINA.h>

// Use secondary SPI interface
#define SPIWIFI       SPI1  // The SPI port
#define SPIWIFI_SS    13   // Chip select pin
#define ESP32_RESETN  11   // Reset pin
#define SPIWIFI_ACK   10   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
#define ESP32_GPIO0   -1
// USE standard SPI interface
//#define SPIWIFI       SPI  // The SPI port
//#define SPIWIFI_SS    17   // Chip select pin
//#define ESP32_RESETN  11   // Reset pin
//#define SPIWIFI_ACK   10   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
//#define ESP32_GPIO0   -1

#define SECRET_SSID "<YOUR-SSID>";
#define SECRET_PASS  "<YOUR-PASSWD>";


///////please enter your sensitive data in the Secret tab/arduino_secrets.h
char ssid[] = SECRET_SSID;        // your network SSID (name)
char pass[] = SECRET_PASS;    // your network password (use for WPA, or use as key for WEP)
int keyIndex = 0;                 // your network key index number (needed only for WEP)

int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS;

WiFiServer server(80);

void printWifiStatus();

void setup() {
  //Initialize serial and wait for port to open:
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while (!Serial) {
    ; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only
  }
//  SPI1.beginTransaction(SPISettings(20000000, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0));

  WiFi.setPins(SPIWIFI_SS, SPIWIFI_ACK, ESP32_RESETN, ESP32_GPIO0, &SPIWIFI);

  // Print a welcome message
  Serial.println("WiFiNINA firmware check.");
  Serial.println();

  // check for the WiFi module:
  if (WiFi.status() == WL_NO_MODULE) {
    Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    // don't continue
    while (true);
  }

  // Print firmware version on the module
  String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion();
  String latestFv;
  Serial.print("Firmware version installed: ");
  Serial.println(fv);

  latestFv = WIFI_FIRMWARE_LATEST_VERSION;

  // Print required firmware version
  Serial.print("Latest firmware version available : ");
  Serial.println(latestFv);

  // Check if the latest version is installed
  Serial.println();
  if (fv >= latestFv) {
    Serial.println("Check result: PASSED");
  } else {
    Serial.println("Check result: NOT PASSED");
    Serial.println(" - The firmware version on the module do not match the");
    Serial.println("   version required by the library, you may experience");
    Serial.println("   issues or failures.");
  }


  // check for the WiFi module:
  if (WiFi.status() == WL_NO_MODULE) {
    Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    // don't continue
    while (true);
  }

  if (fv < WIFI_FIRMWARE_LATEST_VERSION) {
    Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware");
  }

  // attempt to connect to WiFi network:
  while (status != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID: ");
    Serial.println(ssid);
    // Connect to WPA/WPA2 network. Change this line if using open or WEP network:
    status = WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);

    // wait 10 seconds for connection:
    for (int i = 10;i>0;i--){
      delay(1000);
      Serial.print(" . ");
      Serial.print(i);
    }
    Serial.println();
  }
  Serial.println(" OK");

  server.begin();
  delay(1000);
  // you're connected now, so print out the status:
  printWifiStatus();
}

void loop() {
  // listen for incoming clients
  WiFiClient client = server.available();
  if (client && client.connected()) {
    Serial.println("new client");
    // an HTTP request ends with a blank line
    bool currentLineIsBlank = true;
    while (client.connected()) {
      if (client.available()) {
        char c = client.read();
        Serial.write(c);
        // if you've gotten to the end of the line (received a newline
        // character) and the line is blank, the HTTP request has ended,
        // so you can send a reply
        if (c == '\n' && currentLineIsBlank) {
          Serial.println("Start response!");

          // send a standard HTTP response header
          client.println(F("HTTP/1.1 200 OK"));
          client.println(F("Content-Type: text/html"));
          client.println(F("Connection: close"));  // the connection will be closed after completion of the response
          client.println(F("Refresh: 5"));  // refresh the page automatically every 5 sec
          client.println();
          client.println(F("<!DOCTYPE HTML>"));
           client.println(F("<html>"));
           client.println(F("<body>"));

           client.println(F("<h2>Raspberry Pi Pico WiFiNINA server</h2>"));
           client.println("<br /><br />");

           client.println("Refresh every 5 seconds<br />");

           client.print("IP address:");WiFi.localIP().printTo(client);
           client.println("<br /><br />");

           client.print("millis ");
           client.print(millis());
           client.println("<br />");

           client.println("</body>");
           client.println("</html>");
          Serial.println("Stop response!");

          // client.flush();
          break;
        }
        if (c == '\n') {
          // you're starting a new line
          currentLineIsBlank = true;
        } else if (c != '\r') {
          // you've gotten a character on the current line
          currentLineIsBlank = false;
        }
      }
    }
    // give the web browser time to receive the data
    delay(1);

    // close the connection:
    client.stop();
    // server.flush();
    Serial.println("client disconnected");
    delay(1000);
  }
}

void printWifiStatus() {
  // print the SSID of the network you're attached to:
  Serial.print("SSID: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.SSID());

  // print your board's IP address:
  IPAddress ip = WiFi.localIP();
  Serial.print("IP Address: ");
  Serial.println(ip);

  // print the received signal strength:
  long rssi = WiFi.RSSI();
  Serial.print("signal strength (RSSI):");
  Serial.print(rssi);
  Serial.println(" dBm");
}

WiFiServer server(80);

  WiFiClient client = server.available();

    while (client.connected()) {
      if (client.available()) {
        char c = client.read();
        Serial.write(c);

        if (c == '\n' && currentLineIsBlank) {
          Serial.println("Start response!");

          // send a standard HTTP response header
          client.println(F("HTTP/1.1 200 OK"));
          client.println(F("Content-Type: text/html"));
          client.println(F("Connection: close"));  // the connection will be closed after completion of the response
          client.println(F("Refresh: 5"));  // refresh the page automatically every 5 sec
          client.println();
          client.println(F("<!DOCTYPE HTML>"));
           client.println(F("<html>"));
           client.println(F("<body>"));

           client.println(F("<h2>Raspberry Pi Pico WiFiNINA server</h2>"));
           client.println("<br /><br />");

           client.println("Refresh every 5 seconds<br />");

           client.print("IP address:");WiFi.localIP().printTo(client);
           client.println("<br /><br />");

           client.print("millis ");
           client.print(millis());
           client.println("<br />");

           client.println("</body>");
           client.println("</html>");
          Serial.println("Stop response!");

          // client.flush();
          break;
        }

WiFiNINA firmware check.

Firmware version installed: 1.7.4
Latest firmware version available : 1.2.1

Check result: PASSED
Attempting to connect to SSID: reef-casa-sopra
 . 10 . 9 . 8 . 7 . 6 . 5 . 4 . 3 . 2 . 1
 OK
SSID: reef-casa-sopra
IP Address: 192.168.1.104
signal strength (RSSI):-48 dBm

new client
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.1.104
Connection: keep-alive
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/105.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: it-IT,it;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7,zh-CN;q=0.6,zh;q=0.5

Start response!
Stop response!
client disconnected

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Demo index page</title>
</head>
<body style="background-color: azure">
    <h1 style="text-align: center">Here the demo page</h1>
    <h2 style="text-align: center">www.mischianti.org</h2>
    <div style="text-align: justify">

    </div>
    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer nec odio. Praesent libero. Sed cursus ante dapibus diam. Sed nisi. Nulla quis sem at nibh elementum imperdiet. Duis sagittis ipsum. Praesent mauris. Fusce nec tellus sed augue semper porta. Mauris massa. Vestibulum lacinia arcu eget nulla. Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per inceptos himenaeos. Curabitur sodales ligula in libero. Sed dignissim lacinia nunc. Curabitur tortor. Pellentesque nibh. Aenean quam. In scelerisque sem at dolor. Maecenas mattis. Sed convallis tristique sem. Proin ut ligula vel nunc egestas porttitor. Morbi lectus risus, iaculis vel, suscipit quis, luctus non, massa. Fusce ac turpis quis ligula lacinia aliquet. Mauris ipsum. Nulla metus metus, ullamcorper vel, tincidunt sed, euismod in, nibh.
    </div>
</body>
</html>

filetoarray "index.html" > web_index.h

// Filename web_index.h
// File stored is index.html, Size: 1187
#define index_html_len 1187
const uint8_t index_html[] PROGMEM = {
 0x3C, 0x21, 0x44, 0x4F, 0x43, 0x54, 0x59, 0x50, 0x45, 0x20, 0x68, 0x74, 0x6D, 0x6C, 0x3E, 0x0D,
 0x0A, 0x3C, 0x68, 0x74, 0x6D, 0x6C, 0x20, 0x6C, 0x61, 0x6E, 0x67, 0x3D, 0x22, 0x65, 0x6E, 0x22,
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/*
  Simple WiFi Web Server
  You must add your SSID and PASSWD.
  You can open in the browser the IP given in the standard output
  and the device response with a byte array web page that give you the IP
  and the time in milliseconds.
  The page refresh every 5 seconds.

  by Renzo Mischianti <www.mischianti.org>

  https://www.mischianti.org

 */


#include <SPI.h>
#include <WiFiNINA.h>
#include "web_index.h"

// Use secondary SPI interface
//#define SPIWIFI       SPI1  // The SPI port
//#define SPIWIFI_SS    13   // Chip select pin
//#define ESP32_RESETN  11   // Reset pin
//#define SPIWIFI_ACK   10   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
//#define ESP32_GPIO0   -1
// USE standard SPI interface
#define SPIWIFI       SPI  // The SPI port
#define SPIWIFI_SS    17   // Chip select pin
#define ESP32_RESETN  11   // Reset pin
#define SPIWIFI_ACK   10   // a.k.a BUSY or READY pin
#define ESP32_GPIO0   -1

#define SECRET_SSID "<YOUR-SSID>";
#define SECRET_PASS  "<YOUR-PASSWD>";


///////please enter your sensitive data in the Secret tab/arduino_secrets.h
char ssid[] = SECRET_SSID;        // your network SSID (name)
char pass[] = SECRET_PASS;    // your network password (use for WPA, or use as key for WEP)
int keyIndex = 0;                 // your network key index number (needed only for WEP)

int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS;

WiFiServer server(80);

void printWifiStatus();

void setup() {
  //Initialize serial and wait for port to open:
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while (!Serial) {
    ; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only
  }

  WiFi.setPins(SPIWIFI_SS, SPIWIFI_ACK, ESP32_RESETN, ESP32_GPIO0, &SPIWIFI);

  // Print a welcome message
  Serial.println("WiFiNINA firmware check.");
  Serial.println();

  // check for the WiFi module:
  if (WiFi.status() == WL_NO_MODULE) {
    Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    // don't continue
    while (true);
  }

  // Print firmware version on the module
  String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion();
  String latestFv;
  Serial.print("Firmware version installed: ");
  Serial.println(fv);

  latestFv = WIFI_FIRMWARE_LATEST_VERSION;

  // Print required firmware version
  Serial.print("Latest firmware version available : ");
  Serial.println(latestFv);

  // Check if the latest version is installed
  Serial.println();
  if (fv >= latestFv) {
    Serial.println("Check result: PASSED");
  } else {
    Serial.println("Check result: NOT PASSED");
    Serial.println(" - The firmware version on the module do not match the");
    Serial.println("   version required by the library, you may experience");
    Serial.println("   issues or failures.");
  }


  // check for the WiFi module:
  if (WiFi.status() == WL_NO_MODULE) {
    Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    // don't continue
    while (true);
  }

  if (fv < WIFI_FIRMWARE_LATEST_VERSION) {
    Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware");
  }

  // attempt to connect to WiFi network:
  while (status != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID: ");
    Serial.println(ssid);
    // Connect to WPA/WPA2 network. Change this line if using open or WEP network:
    status = WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);

    // wait 10 seconds for connection:
    for (int i = 10;i>0;i--){
      delay(1000);
      Serial.print(" . ");
      Serial.print(i);
    }
    Serial.println();
  }
  Serial.println(" OK");

  server.begin();
  // you're connected now, so print out the status:
  printWifiStatus();
}

void loop() {
  // listen for incoming clients
  WiFiClient client = server.available();
  if (client && client.connected()) {
    Serial.println("new client");
    // an HTTP request ends with a blank line
    bool currentLineIsBlank = true;
    while (client.connected()) {
      if (client.available()) {
        char c = client.read();
        Serial.write(c);
        // if you've gotten to the end of the line (received a newline
        // character) and the line is blank, the HTTP request has ended,
        // so you can send a reply
        if (c == '\n' && currentLineIsBlank) {
          Serial.println("Start response!");

          // send a standard HTTP response header
          client.println(F("HTTP/1.1 200 OK"));
          client.println(F("Content-Type: text/html"));
          client.println(F("Connection: close"));  // the connection will be closed after completion of the response
          client.println(F("Refresh: 5"));  // refresh the page automatically every 5 sec
          client.println();

           client.write(index_html, index_html_len);

           client.println();
          Serial.println("Stop response!");

          // client.flush();
          break;
        }
        if (c == '\n') {
          // you're starting a new line
          currentLineIsBlank = true;
        } else if (c != '\r') {
          // you've gotten a character on the current line
          currentLineIsBlank = false;
        }
      }
    }
    // give the web browser time to receive the data
    delay(1);

    // close the connection:
    client.stop();
    // server.flush();
    Serial.println("client disconnected");
    delay(1000);
  }
}

void printWifiStatus() {
  // print the SSID of the network you're attached to:
  Serial.print("SSID: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.SSID());

  // print your board's IP address:
  IPAddress ip = WiFi.localIP();
  Serial.print("IP Address: ");
  Serial.println(ip);

  // print the received signal strength:
  long rssi = WiFi.RSSI();
  Serial.print("signal strength (RSSI):");
  Serial.print(rssi);
  Serial.println(" dBm");
}