[Renzo Mischianti]

Hi Turnoff,
you can understand the syntax when you check the structure of the PCF8574 class:

class PCF8574 {
[...]
		struct DigitalInput {
			uint8_t p0;
			uint8_t p1;
			uint8_t p2;
			uint8_t p3;
			uint8_t p4;
			uint8_t p5;
			uint8_t p6;
			uint8_t p7;
		} digitalInput;
[...]
}

there is a structure DigitalInput declared inside the PCF8574 class declaration, so to reference the Object inside It you must use :: notation.

PCF8574::DigitalInput

I hope I was clear.

Bye Renzo

[Renzo Mischianti]

Hi Pedja,
You can use a pcf8591 that have 4 analog input and one analog output (256 position).

PCF8591 i2c Analog I/O Expander

You can connect the IC to the same i2c pin with a different address.

I think it’s sufficient to do the work.

Bye Renzo

[Renzo Mischianti]

Hi Pedja,

pcf8574 is a digital I/O expander, analogWrite work only for analog expander or PWM pin, so can’t work with pcf8574.

Bye Renzo

[Renzo Mischianti]

Hi Gilles,
I try to do a fix and i write here when ready.
Bye Renzo

[Renzo Mischianti]

Hi Cameron,
I understand what you want to do, but It’s discouraged because you lost some information (GTM for example), but here the code modified.
I advise you to use strftime that offer a lot of features here a list.

I update local time directly when the value is returned because if you call the functione more than one time you apply N time the DST and you lost control of the time.

		unsigned long epoch = tz.toLocal(timeClient.getEpochTime());
		setTime(epoch);

and use a strftime like so

	Serial.println(getEpochStringByParams(now(), "%H:%M:%S %d.%m.%Y It's a beautiful %A of %B"));

and the complete sketch
pay attention I add my timezone:

/*
 * Simple NTP client update system time with DST applyed (discouraged)
 * http://mischianti.org/
 *
 * The MIT License (MIT)
 * written by Renzo Mischianti 
 */

#define DEBUG

const char *ssid = "";
const char *password = "";

#include 
// change next line to use with another board/shield
#include 
//#include  // for WiFi shield
//#include  // for WiFi 101 shield or MKR1000
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include     // https://github.com/JChristensen/Timezone

/**
 * Input time in epoch format and return tm time format
 * by Renzo Mischianti 
 */
static tm getDateTimeByParams(long time) {
	struct tm *newtime;
	const time_t tim = time;
	newtime = localtime(&tim);
	return *newtime;
}
/**
 * Input tm time format and return String with format pattern
 * by Renzo Mischianti 
 */
static String getDateTimeStringByParams(tm *newtime, char *pattern =
		(char*) "%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S") {
	char buffer[90];
	strftime(buffer, 90, pattern, newtime);
	return buffer;
}

/**
 * Input time in epoch format format and return String with format pattern
 * by Renzo Mischianti 
 */
static String getEpochStringByParams(long time, char *pattern =
		(char*) "%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S") {
//    struct tm *newtime;
	tm newtime;
	newtime = getDateTimeByParams(time);
	return getDateTimeStringByParams(&newtime, pattern);
}

WiFiUDP ntpUDP;

// By default 'pool.ntp.org' is used with 60 seconds update interval and
// no offset
// NTPClient timeClient(ntpUDP);

// You can specify the time server pool and the offset, (in seconds)
// additionaly you can specify the update interval (in milliseconds).
int GTMOffset = 0; // SET TO UTC TIME
NTPClient timeClient(ntpUDP, "europe.pool.ntp.org", GTMOffset * 60 * 60,
		60 * 60 * 1000);

// Central European Time (Frankfurt, Paris)
TimeChangeRule CEST = { "CEST", Last, Sun, Mar, 2, 120 }; // Central European Summer Time
TimeChangeRule CET = { "CET ", Last, Sun, Oct, 3, 60 }; // Central European Standard Time
Timezone tz(CEST, CET);


//// US Pacific Time Zone (Las Vegas, Los Angeles)
//TimeChangeRule usPDT = {"PDT", Second, Sun, Mar, 2, -420};
//TimeChangeRule usPST = {"PST", First, Sun, Nov, 2, -480};
//Timezone tz(usPDT, usPST);

void setup() {
	Serial.begin(115200);
	WiFi.begin(ssid, password);

	while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
		delay(500);
		Serial.print(".");
	}

	timeClient.begin();
	delay(1000);
	if (timeClient.update()) {
		Serial.print("Adjust local clock");
//		unsigned long epoch = timeClient.getEpochTime();
		unsigned long epoch = tz.toLocal(timeClient.getEpochTime());
		setTime(epoch);
	} else {
		Serial.print("NTP Update not WORK!!");
	}

}


void loop() {
// I print the time from local clock but first I check DST
// to add hours if needed
//	Serial.println(getEpochStringByParams(tz.toLocal(now())));
	Serial.println(getEpochStringByParams(now(), "%H:%M:%S %d.%m.%Y It's a beautiful %A of %B"));
	Serial.print("MyCrummyCode:");
	digitalClockDisplay();

	delay(1000);
}

tmElements_t tm;

time_t current_time() {
	return make_unixtime(tz.toLocal(second()), tz.toLocal(minute()),
			tz.toLocal(hour()), tz.toLocal(day()), tz.toLocal(month()),
			tz.toLocal(year()));
}

time_t make_unixtime(uint8_t sec, uint8_t mn, uint8_t hr, uint8_t dy,
		uint8_t mon, uint16_t yr) {
	tm.Second = sec;
	tm.Hour = hr;
	tm.Minute = mn;
	tm.Day = dy;
	tm.Month = mon;
	tm.Year = yr - 1970;
	return makeTime(tm);
}

void digitalClockDisplay() {
// digital clock display of the time
#ifdef DEBUG
		yield();
		Serial.print(hour());
		yield();
		printDigits(minute());
		yield();
		printDigits(second());
		yield();
		Serial.print(" ");
		yield();
		Serial.print(day());
		yield();
		Serial.print(".");
		yield();
		Serial.print(month());
		yield();
		Serial.print(".");
		yield();
		Serial.print(year());
		yield();
		Serial.print(" ");
		yield();
		Serial.println(dayStr(weekday()));
#endif
}

void printDigits(int digits) {
// utility for digital clock display: prints preceding colon and leading 0
	yield();
	Serial.print(":");
	if (digits < 10)
		Serial.print('0');
	yield();
	Serial.print(digits);
}

and here the result

MyCrummyCode:7:26:58 3.2.2021 Wednesday
07:26:59 03.02.2021 It's a beautiful Wednesday of February
MyCrummyCode:7:26:59 3.2.2021 Wednesday
07:27:00 03.02.2021 It's a beautiful Wednesday of February
MyCrummyCode:7:27:00 3.2.2021 Wednesday
07:27:01 03.02.2021 It's a beautiful Wednesday of February
MyCrummyCode:7:27:01 3.2.2021 Wednesday
07:27:02 03.02.2021 It's a beautiful Wednesday of February
MyCrummyCode:7:27:02 3.2.2021 Wednesday
07:27:03 03.02.2021 It's a beautiful Wednesday of February
MyCrummyCode:7:27:03 3.2.2021 Wednesday

Bye Renzo

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[Renzo Mischianti]

Hi Rainer,
It’s stragne, check again all the steps, then try to enable verbose debug

File->Preferences->Show verbose output during:. Tick boxes for compilation and upload.

And tell us the result.
Bye Renzo

[Renzo Mischianti]

Hi Jorn,
to manage pull up and pull down change in debounce, you must specify (like the Arduino pin) if the initial state is in pull up or pull down.

By default It’s pull down.

The library has an internal state that memorizes the value change, and though you don’t use an interrupt you can read the button change.

So initialization of your pin to work must be

unit->pinMode(3, INPUT_PULLUP);

Bye Renzo

[Renzo Mischianti]

Hi tpapas,

glad to have been helpful.

If you need more help write a topic.

Bye Renzo

[Renzo Mischianti]

Hi tpapas,

first, check the code I commend the static IP Ethernet initialization, so to restore It you must uncomment

// start the Ethernet connection and server
//	  Ethernet.begin(mac, ip, myDns, gateway, subnet);

and comment the dhcp initialization

	  if (Ethernet.begin(mac) == 0) {
	    Serial.println(F("Failed to configure Ethernet using DHCP"));
	    if (Ethernet.hardwareStatus() == EthernetNoHardware) {
	      Serial.println(F("Ethernet shield was not found.  Sorry, can't run without hardware. :("));
	    } else if (Ethernet.linkStatus() == LinkOFF) {
	      Serial.println(F("Ethernet cable is not connected."));
	    }
	    // no point in carrying on, so do nothing forevermore:
	    while (true) {
	      delay(1);
	    }

	  }

to change the debounce you must change this define

#define EMAIL_SEND_DEBOUNCE 5*60*1000

Try to change the variable like so (to activate immediately the email send)

unsigned long timeElapsed = millis()-EMAIL_SEND_DEBOUNCE;

and fix this

// Check if value > 30 and check if you already send this email
	if (sensors.getTempCByIndex(0) > 30 && emailSended == false){
		emailSended = true;
		// check if you had already send an email in the last 5 minutes
		if (timeElapsed+EMAIL_SEND_DEBOUNCE < millis()){
			timeElapsed = millis();
			sendEmail();
		}
	}else if (sensors.getTempCByIndex(0) < 30  && emailSended == true){
		// The value return ok and so if you are going over 30 again new notification was sended
		emailSended = false;
	}
 

Give me a feedback, bye Renzo

[Renzo Mischianti]

Hi Arthur,

thanks for suggestion, It’s very interesting.

I must find some time, but surely I add this section.

Thank Renzo

[Renzo Mischianti]

Hi VeloTobi,

I also update the github project, now there is the simple version and the more complex.

Bye Renzo

[Renzo Mischianti]

Hi VeloTobi,

please check the core and library version, I test the sketch width these and It’s work

• Using board d1_mini
• Using core esp8266 2.7.4
• [ESP8266WiFi@1.0]
• [ESP8266WebServer@1.0]
• [WebSockets@2.1.4]
• [WebSockets@2.1.4]
• [Hash@1.0]
• [DHT12_sensor_library@0.9.0]
• [Wire@1.0]
• [ArduinoJson@6.13.0]

Bye Renzo

[Renzo Mischianti]

Hi tpapas,

I add the EMailSender to the sketch, I attach the code.

#include <SPI.h>
#include <Ethernet.h>
#include <OneWire.h>
#include <DallasTemperature.h>
#include "TimerOne.h"
#include <math.h>
#include "cactus_io_BME280_I2C.h"
#include <EMailSender.h>

#define TX_Pin 8 // used to indicate web data tx
// Data wire is plugged into digital pin 9 on the Arduino
#define ONE_WIRE_BUS 9
#define WindSensor_Pin (2) // digital pin for wind speed sensor
#define WindVane_Pin (A2) // analog pin for wind direction sensor
#define VaneOffset 0 // define the offset for caclulating wind direction

#define WEB_SERVER_PORT 8081
#define EMAIL_SEND_DEBOUNCE 5*60*1000

volatile unsigned int timerCount; // used to count ticks for 2.5sec timer count
volatile unsigned long rotations; // cup rotation counter for wind speed calcs
volatile unsigned long contactBounceTime; // timer to avoid contact bounce in wind speed sensor

volatile float windSpeed;
int vaneValue; // raw analog value from wind vane
int vaneDirection; // translated 0 - 360 wind direction
int calDirection; // calibrated direction after offset applied
int lastDirValue; // last recorded direction value

int deviceCount = 0; // how many DS18B20 we keep on the OneWire

float OutminTemp; // keep track of minimum recorded Outside temp
float OutmaxTemp; // keep track of maximum recorded Outside temp
float InminTemp; // keep track of minimum recorded Inside temp
float InmaxTemp; // keep track of maximum recorded Inside temp

// Setup a oneWire instance to communicate with any OneWire device
OneWire oneWire(ONE_WIRE_BUS);

// Pass oneWire reference to DallasTemperature library
DallasTemperature sensors(&oneWire);

BME280_I2C bme; // I2C using address 0x77

// Here we setup the web server. We are using a static ip address and a mac address
byte mac[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED };

IPAddress ip(192, 168, 1, 177);
IPAddress myDns(192, 168, 1, 1);
IPAddress gateway(192, 168, 1, 1);
IPAddress subnet(255, 255, 255, 0);


EthernetServer server(WEB_SERVER_PORT); // create a server listing on 192.168.1.45 port 80

EMailSender emailSend("apikey", "SG.FINTOFINTOFINTO.FINTOFINTO", "sender.mischianti@gmail.com", "smtp.sendgrid.net", 25 );

void isr_rotation();
void sendEmail();

void setup() {
	  Serial.begin(9600);
	   while (!Serial) {
	    ; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only
	  }

// setup anemometer values
	lastDirValue = 0;
	rotations = 0;
// setup timer values
	timerCount = 0;

	{
		sensors.begin(); // Start up the library
// locate devices on the bus
// Serial.print("Locating devices...");
// Serial.print("Found ");
// deviceCount = sensors.getDeviceCount();
// Serial.print(deviceCount, DEC);
// Serial.println(" devices.");
// Serial.println("");
		sensors.requestTemperatures();
		InminTemp = sensors.getTempCByIndex(0);
		InmaxTemp = sensors.getTempCByIndex(0);
		OutminTemp = sensors.getTempCByIndex(1);
		OutmaxTemp = sensors.getTempCByIndex(1);
	}

// disable the SD card by switching pin 4 High
	pinMode(4, OUTPUT);
	digitalWrite(4, HIGH);

	pinMode(53, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(10, OUTPUT);
    digitalWrite(10, HIGH);

	Serial.println(F("Pin start!"));

// start the Ethernet connection and server
//	  Ethernet.begin(mac, ip, myDns, gateway, subnet);
	  if (Ethernet.begin(mac) == 0) {
	    Serial.println(F("Failed to configure Ethernet using DHCP"));
	    if (Ethernet.hardwareStatus() == EthernetNoHardware) {
	      Serial.println(F("Ethernet shield was not found.  Sorry, can't run without hardware. :("));
	    } else if (Ethernet.linkStatus() == LinkOFF) {
	      Serial.println(F("Ethernet cable is not connected."));
	    }
	    // no point in carrying on, so do nothing forevermore:
	    while (true) {
	      delay(1);
	    }

	  }

	Serial.println(F("Begin executed!"));
	server.begin();

	if (!bme.begin()) {
		Serial.println(F("Could not find BME280 sensor, check wiring!"));
		while (1);
	}

	pinMode(TX_Pin, OUTPUT);
//pinMode(RG11_Pin, INPUT);
	pinMode(WindSensor_Pin, INPUT);
	attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(WindSensor_Pin), isr_rotation, FALLING);

// setup the timer for 0.5 second
	Timer1.initialize(500000);
	Timer1.attachInterrupt(isr_timer);

	sei(); // Enable Interrupts

	Serial.print(F("IP: "));
	Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP());

	Serial.print(F("Web Server: http://"));
	Serial.print(Ethernet.localIP());
	Serial.print(F(":"));
	Serial.print(WEB_SERVER_PORT);
}

bool emailSended = false;
unsigned long timeElapsed = millis();

void loop() {

// Send command to all the sensors for temperature conversion
	sensors.requestTemperatures();

	bme.readSensor();

// update min and max temp values for Outside and Inside Temperatures
	if (sensors.getTempCByIndex(1) < OutminTemp) {
		OutminTemp = sensors.getTempCByIndex(1);
	}
	if (sensors.getTempCByIndex(1) > OutmaxTemp) {
		OutmaxTemp = sensors.getTempCByIndex(1);
	}
	if (sensors.getTempCByIndex(0) < InminTemp) {
		InminTemp = sensors.getTempCByIndex(0);
	}
	if (sensors.getTempCByIndex(0) > InmaxTemp) {
		InmaxTemp = sensors.getTempCByIndex(0);
	}

	// Check if value > 30 and check if you already send this email
	if (sensors.getTempCByIndex(0) > 30 && emailSended == false){
		emailSended = true;
		// check if you had already send an email in the last 5 minutes
		if ((timeElapsed+EMAIL_SEND_DEBOUNCE)<millis()){
			timeElapsed = millis();
			sendEmail();
		}
	}else{
		// The value return ok and so if you are going over 30 again new notification was sended
		emailSended = false;
	}

// listen for incoming clients
	EthernetClient client = server.available();
	if (client) {
// an http request ends with a blank line
		boolean currentLineIsBlank = true;
		while (client.connected()) {
			if (client.available()) {
				char c = client.read();
				Serial.write(c);
// if you've gotten to the end of the line (received a newline
// character) and the line is blank, the http request has ended,
// so you can send a reply
				if (c == '\n' && currentLineIsBlank) {
// send a standard http response header
					digitalWrite(TX_Pin, HIGH);
					client.println("HTTP/1.1 200 OK");
					client.println("Content-Type: text/html");
					client.println("Connection: close"); // connection closed completion of response
					client.println("Refresh: 10"); // refresh the page automatically every 10 sec
					client.println();
					client.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML>");
					client.print("<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>RadioActive Weather Server</TITLE></HEAD>");
					client.println("<font color='red'><h2>RadioActive Weather Server</font></h2>");
					client.print("Agios Merkouris, Sifnos @ 36.987832, 24.719809<br><br>");
					client.println("<html><body>");
					digitalWrite(TX_Pin, HIGH); // Turn the TX LED on
					client.print("<span style=\"font-size: 26px\";>Outside Temperature now ");
					client.print(sensors.getTempCByIndex(1));
					client.println("C<br>");
					client.print("<br> Inside Temperature now ");
					client.print(sensors.getTempCByIndex(0));
					client.println("C<br>");
					client.print("<br> Wind Speed now ");
					client.print(windSpeed);
					client.println(" mph<br>");
					getWindDirection();
					client.print("<br> Direction now ");
					client.print(calDirection);

					client.print(direction(calDirection));
					client.println("<br>");
					client.print("<br> Humidity now ");
					client.print(bme.getHumidity());
					client.println("%<br>");
					client.print("<br> Pressure now ");
					client.print(bme.getPressure_MB());
					client.println("mb%<br>");
					client.print("<br> Outside Min Temperature was ");
					client.print(OutminTemp);
					client.println("C<br>");
					client.print("<br> Outside Max Temperature was ");
					client.print(OutmaxTemp);
					client.println("C<br>");
					client.print("<br> Inside Min Temperature was ");
					client.print(InminTemp);
					client.println("C<br>");
					client.print("<br> Inside Max Temperature was ");
					client.print(InmaxTemp);
					client.println("C");
					client.println("</body></html>");
					digitalWrite(TX_Pin, LOW); // Turn the TX LED off
					break;
				}
				if (c == '\n') {
// you're starting a new line
					currentLineIsBlank = true;
				} else if (c != '\r') {
// you've gotten a character on the current line
					currentLineIsBlank = false;
				}
			}
		}
	}

// give the web browser time to receive the data
	delay(1);
// close the connection:
	client.stop();
}

// Interrupt handler routine for timer interrupt
void isr_timer() {

	timerCount++;

	if (timerCount == 5) {
// convert to mp/h using the formula V=P(2.25/T)
// V = P(2.25/2.5) = P * 0.9
		windSpeed = rotations * 0.9;
		rotations = 0;
		timerCount = 0;
	}
}

// Interrupt handler routine to increment the rotation count for wind speed
void isr_rotation() {

	if ((millis() - contactBounceTime) > 15) { // debounce the switch contact
		rotations++;
		contactBounceTime = millis();
	}
}

// Get Wind Direction
void getWindDirection() {

	vaneValue = analogRead(WindVane_Pin);
	vaneDirection = map(vaneValue, 0, 1023, 0, 360);
	calDirection = vaneDirection + VaneOffset;

	if (calDirection > 360)
		calDirection = calDirection - 360;

	if (calDirection > 360)
		calDirection = calDirection - 360;
}

const char* direction(int calDirection){
	if ((calDirection) < 23) {
		return " North";
	}
	if ((calDirection > 22) && (calDirection < 68)) {
		return " NorthEast";
	}
	if ((calDirection > 67) && (calDirection < 113)) {
		return " East";
	}
	if ((calDirection > 112) && (calDirection < 158)) {
		return " SouthEast";
	}
	if ((calDirection > 157) && (calDirection < 203)) {
		return " South";
	}
	if ((calDirection > 202) && (calDirection < 247)) {
		return " SouthWest";
	}
	if ((calDirection > 246) && (calDirection < 292)) {
		return " West";
	}
	if ((calDirection > 291) && (calDirection < 337)) {
		return " NorthWest";
	}
	if ((calDirection > 336) && (calDirection <= 360)) {
		return " North";
	}
	return "No data!";
}

void sendEmail(){
    EMailSender::EMailMessage message;
    message.subject = "RadioActive Weather Server";
    getWindDirection();
    message.message = ("Ciao come stai<br>io bene."
    		"<span style=\"font-size: 26px\";>Outside Temperature now "
			+String(sensors.getTempCByIndex(1))+
					"C<br>" +
					("<br> Inside Temperature now ")
					+String(sensors.getTempCByIndex(0))+
					"C<br>"
					"<br> Wind Speed now "
					+String(windSpeed)+
					" mph<br>"
					"<br> Direction now "
					+direction(calDirection)+
					"<br>"
					"<br> Humidity now "
					+String(bme.getHumidity())+
					"%<br>"
					"<br> Pressure now "
					+String (bme.getPressure_MB())+
					"mb%<br>"
					"<br> Outside Min Temperature was "
					+String(OutminTemp)+
					"C<br>"
					"<br> Outside Max Temperature was "
					+String(OutmaxTemp)+
					"C<br>"
					"<br> Inside Min Temperature was "
					+String(InminTemp)+
					"C<br>"
					"<br> Inside Max Temperature was "
					+String(InmaxTemp)+
					"C");

    const char* emailToSend = "receiver.mischianti@gmail.com";
    EMailSender::Response resp = emailSend.send(emailToSend, message);

    Serial.println(F("Sending status: "));

    Serial.println(resp.status);
    Serial.println(resp.code);
    Serial.println(resp.desc);
}

I get a w5100 shield and now can try to test It.

Bye Renzo

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[Renzo Mischianti]

Hi tpapas,
try to add pin 10 HIGH (as documentation)

    pinMode(53, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(4, OUTPUT);
    digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
    pinMode(10, OUTPUT);
    digitalWrite(10, HIGH);

 

and add this code to check If there are some problem

  // Check for Ethernet hardware present
  if (Ethernet.hardwareStatus() == EthernetNoHardware) {
    Serial.println("Ethernet shield was not found.  Sorry, can't run without hardware. :(");
    while (true) {
      delay(1); // do nothing, no point running without Ethernet hardware
    }
  }

  if (Ethernet.linkStatus() == LinkOFF) {
    Serial.println("Ethernet cable is not connected.");
  }

I don’t have a w5100 shield, but this is a must have :P.

And check if shield is fitted good, sometime the problems is more simple than expected.

Bye Renzo

[Renzo Mischianti]

We are going quite off topic, so I create a topic in the relative section, and I need some time to check It. But I will response to you in that section.

Weather radio station with Arduino UNO/MEGA Ethernet problem

Bye Renzo

[Author]

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